Friday, January 17, 2014

What is the Earliest Example of the Hanoverian Pattern?

I was recently re-reading parts of Michael Clayton's Christie's Pictorial History of English and American Silver.  The following sentence in the "Queen Anne and George I" section caught my attention: "The rat-tail rib on the back of the plain bowled spoon survived, but the dog-nose finial gave way to the rounded 'Hanoverian' by about 1705 and the fork handle conformed" (100).  From general reading and observation, I had thought this date to be a few years later than 1705.  Of course, that date is qualified with an "about."  The book itself pictures a Hanoverian terminal "gravy spoon" by Issac Davenport dated 1707 (130).  Since date letters changed in May each year, the spoon could date to as late as May 1708.

A web search returned an article titled "Early English Silver Spoons," which I believe was written by Theo Hecker.  The article is part two on this topic, and is an illustrated discussion of the stylistic evolution of the English silver spoon.  Mr. Hecker lists a Hanoverian pattern spoon dating to 1708 by Andrew Archer (1).

A perusal of the Early Spoons section of the Coritani website shows that the earliest Hanoverian terminal spoon listed is a tablespoon by George Cox of 1711.  There is also a dognose spoon on the site of the same date.  Christie's lists an Irish basting spoon by Joseph Walker which they date to 1706.  I believe this date letter was used up until 1708. Christie's further lists a set of eight Hanoverian tablespoons, maker's mark AR from 1708 (no image available).  There is an intriguing lot, again from the Christie's archives, of "three various Queen Anne silver spoons" dated 1702, 1704 and circa 1705.  The first two spoons are described as trefid-ended and the third, circa 1705, as Hanoverian pattern.  It is too bad there is not an image available of these spoons.  Christie's also lists a basting spoon of 1707, probably by David Willaume I ( no image available); a Queen Anne Hanoverian dessert fork by William Juson of 1706 (no image available); and a Queen Anne basting spoon in the Hanoverian pattern by Isaac Davenport of 1702 (this early date is very interesting - makes me question the accuracy of that date, but no image is available for study).  Silfren's archive lists another basting spoon by John Ladyman (a silversmith close to my heart) dated to 1708.  The Christie's archive lists several more Hanoverian pattern basting spoons and tablespoons dating to 1709.


The earliest spoon from my own collection is by Joseph Barbut dating to 1709/1710:

Front and back of tablespoon, Joseph Barbut, London, 1709

Close-up of hallmarks on Barbut spoon; ridge on front of stem
One feature that sets this spoon apart from the other Britannia-standard Hanoverian pattern spoons in my collection is the distinctive ridge that begins just at the base of the bowl.  This ridge flattens out somewhat as the handle widens.

There is obviously no hard date for the transition from dognose terminal to Hanoverian, and it is clear from looking through books and dealer and auction websites that there is considerable overlap between the two styles.  There seem to be more early Hanoverian pattern basting spoon examples out there than tablespoons, and I was only able to find one Hanoverian pattern spoon associated with the date 1705, and that was a "circa."  Michael Clayton did, however, make a conscious decision to use the date 1705, so I would assume it was because he had seen an example of a spoon with a Hanoverian terminal that actually dated to 1705.

Did households mix and mingle dognose pattern spoons and forks with the newer Hanoverian pattern?  Did they sell or have their dognose flatware melted down and fashioned into something else once the Hanoverian pattern had taken over?

Sources:
Clayton, Michael. Christie's Pictorial History of English and American Silver.
       Oxford: Phaidon Christie's Limited, 1985. Print.
Hecker, Theo. "English Silver Spoons, Part Two." Projekt Rosenberg IV.
       Piranho, n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014.




4 comments:

  1. Hullo there - some information on John Ladyman.
    http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/rladyman/jl_1.htm

    This was given to my by George Schrager at Schredds when I asked him about some Ladyman spoons he had listed.

    Robert Ladyman

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  2. Thank you for the link, Robert. Is John Ladyman a distant relative of yours?

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  3. I've never been able to trace a link.


    The Salters' Company (John's father was a member) is here:
    https://www.salters.co.uk/

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  4. Hi I have a spoon by William scarlet which is Hanoverian pattern dated 1706, regards mark

    ReplyDelete